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ON International Day Against Drugs and Illicit Drug Trafficking, the South African National Council on Alcoholism and Drug Dependence (Sanca) has expressed concern over the increased abuse of Metamphetamines, also know as Speed or Meth.
In its smoked form, known as 'straws', 'tik' or 'tik-tuk', it is gaining popularity at school level.
It is a white, odourless, bitter-tasting crystalline powder that easily dissolves in water or alcohol.
Methamphetamine is available in many forms. Hence it can be smoked, snorted, anally ingested or injected.
"Ice" is the smokable form of methamphetamine, usually a clear crystal of high purity that's smoked in a custom-made glass pipe, called a "lollie", "poppie" or "popeye".
The short term effects are extreme nervousness, insomnia, confusion, irritability, aggression and incessant talking.
Signs that a person may be using are anxiousness, repetitious behaviour (such as picking at skin or pulling out hair), sleep disturbances, aggressive and violent behaviour, severe depression and dry mouth.
There are many damaging, long term effects, including addiction.
Chronic abuse can lead to psychotic behaviour, characterised by intense paranoia (may include homicidal and suicidal thoughts), confusion, anciety, visual and auditory hallucinations and extremely violent behaviour.
One of the consequences of regular methamphetamine use, is the very lone recovery period, where the former user experiences long lasting and deep-seated depression and little or no pleasure in life.
Even things they used to enjoy are no longer satisfying. This inability to get pleasure from life and the environment lasts two to three years after stopping use.
Medical complications includes rapid heartbeat, increased blood pressure, and irreversible stroke producing damage to small blood vessels in the brain.
Chronic methamphetamine abuse can result in inflammation of the heart lining.Three years after chronic meth users have discontinued use of the drug there is still a reduction in their ability to transport dopamine back into neutrons.
This is highly significant because dopamine has a major role in many brain functions, including experiences of pleasure, mood and movement.
As with any drug there is a risk of overdose. An overdose can occur at relatively low levels (50 milligrams of pure drug for non-tolerant users).
Withdrawal symptoms are severe depression, intense craving, collapse from exhaustion, sleep disturbances, irritability, abdominal cramping, gastrointestinal upset and headache.
If you do find that someone is using drugs, don't panic, there is help. Sanca provides specialised, accessible and affordable services.
For more information, phone 872-9671 or 872-5000.
Tomorrow Sanca will have an open day at their office in JF Phillips Building, Lady Grey Street (opposite the Spur) to highlight the dangers of drug and alcohol abuse.
On Saturday a variety concert, 'Artists Unite Against Drugs' will be held at the Good Hope Centre in Cape Town. Doors open at 18:00 (872-9671 or 872-5000). |